The tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) to granodiorite–granite (GG) transition in the late Archean plutonic rocks of the central Wyoming Province1

نویسندگان

  • Carol D. Frost
  • B. Ronald Frost
  • Robert Kirkwood
  • Kevin R. Chamberlain
چکیده

The 2.95–2.82 Ga quartzofeldspathic gneisses and granitoids in the Bighorn, western Owl Creek, and northeastern Wind River uplifts in the central Wyoming Province include low-K tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) and high-K granodiorite–granite (GG) rocks. Both types of granitoids were intruded contemporaneously, although TTGs are more abundant in the older gneisses. The TTG suite consists of calcic to marginally calc-alkalic rocks that straddle the boundaries between metaluminous and peraluminous and between ferroan and magnesian compositions. Rare-earth element (REE) patterns of these rocks may be highly fractionated with low heavy rare-earth element (HREE) contents and modest to absent Eu anomalies but may also be less strongly HREE depleted. These rocks do not represent firstgeneration continental crust: most have unradiogenic Nd and radiogenic 207Pb/204Pb isotopic compositions that require the incorporation of isotopically evolved sources. The GG suite has compositions that are transitional between Archean TTG and modern, continental margin calc-alkalic rocks. The GG suite is characterized by higher alkali contents relative to CaO than the TTG suite and higher K/Na ratios but exhibits a similar range in REE patterns. The Nd, Sr, and Pb isotopic compositions of the GG suite are slightly less variable but lie within the range of those of the TTG suite. We interpret them as having a source similar to that of the TTG, perhaps forming by partial melting of preexisting TTG. The shift from TTG-dominated to GG-dominated continental crust was a gradual transition that took place over several hundred million years. Clearly subduction-related calc-alkalic magmatism is not recognized in the Wyoming Province prior to 2.67 Ga. Résumé : Les gneiss et les granitoïdes quartzo-feldspathiques, 2,95 – 2,82 Ga, dans les soulèvements de Bighorn, de l’ouest d’Owl Creek et du nord-est de Wind River dans le centre de la Province de Wyoming comprennent des roches tonalite–trondhjémite–granodiorite (TTG) à faible teneur en K et des roches granodiorite–granite (GG) à teneur élevée en K. Les deux types de granitoïdes ont été pénétrés en même temps, bien que les roches TTG soient plus abondantes dans les gneiss plus anciens. La suite TTG comprend des roches calciques à légèrement calco-alcalines qui chevauchent les limites entre les compositions métalumineuses et hyperalumineuses et les compositions ferrifères et magnésiennes. Les patrons des éléments des terres rares de ces roches peuvent être hautement fractionnés avec une faible teneur en éléments des terres rares lourdes et des anomalies Eu modestes à absentes, mais les roches peuvent aussi être moins appauvries en éléments des terres rares lourdes. Ces roches ne représentent pas une croûte continentale de première génération : la plupart ont des compositions isotopiques Nd non radiogéniques et des compositions 207Pb/204Pb radiogéniques qui demandent l’incorporation de sources isotopiquement évoluées. La suite de roches GG possède des compositions qui représentent une transition entre des roches TTG archéennes et des roches calco-alcalines et modernes de bordure continentale. La suite GG est caractérisée par une teneur plus élevée en alcalins, relativement au CaO, que la suite de roches TTG et des rapports K/Na supérieurs, mais elle présente une plage semblable de patrons d’éléments des terres rares. Les compostions isotopiques Nd, Sr et Pb de la suite GG varient un peu moins mais elles se trouvent à l’intérieur de la plage de la suite TTG. Nous suggérons qu’elles aient la même source que la suite TTG, s’étant possiblement formées par la fusion partielle d’une suite TTG préexistante. Le passage d’une croûte continentale dominée par des roches TTG à une suite dominée par des roches GG s’est effectué par une transition graduelle sur plusieurs centaines de millions d’années. Un magmatisme calco-alcalin clairement relié à la subduction n’est pas reconnu dans la Province de Wyoming avant 2,67 Ga. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Frost et al. 1444 Received 9 August 2005. Accepted 13 July 2006. Published on the NRC Research Press Web site at http://cjes.nrc.ca on 22 December 2006. Paper handled by Associate Editor L. Corriveau. C.D. Frost,2 B.R. Frost, R. Kirkwood, and K.R. Chamberlain. Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA. 1This paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue on The Wyoming Province: a distinctive Archean craton in Laurentian North America. 2Corresponding author (e-mail: [email protected]).

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تاریخ انتشار 2006